Diamond cutting and polishing In its rough form, a diamond is a lackluster, translucent crystal. Transforming a rough diamond into a sparkling jewel requires several procedures: cleaving, sawing, bruting, cross working and brillianteering.

Cleaving Cleaving involves the removal of impurities or irregularities in the rough diamond. Using a second diamond or a laser, a groove is carved into the diamond along a plane of weakness. A steel blade is placed in the groove and a sharp blow is delivered which splits the stone. Cleaving requires particular skill; if pressure is applied to the wrong area or in the wrong direction, the diamond may shatter. Not all rough diamonds require cleaving or sawing – some diamond rough is well formed and is in ready-to-cut form.

Radiant cut This is a modified or combination cut – a brilliant cut square or rectangle shaped diamond with clipped-off corners like the emerald cut. It melds the elegance of the emerald cut diamond with the brilliance and sparkle of the round diamond. Length to width ratio A radiant cut with a length to width ratio of less than or equal to 1.05:1 will appear square to the observer. While a squarer radiant-cut diamond is the preference of many, some people prefer a slightly rectangular diamond.

Length to width ratio A princess cut with a length to width ratio of less than or equal to 1.05:1 will appear square to the observer. While a squarer diamond is the preference of many, some people prefer a slightly rectangular-shaped princess diamond.

Diamond Polishing Diamond polishing consists of two phases, crossworking and brillianteering. To give the diamond its finished look, it is clamped to on an armature above a rotating polishing wheel (scaif). Diamond dust on the wheel’s surface grinds the diamond down to the desired angle. The scaif makes it possible to symmetrically polish all the facets of the diamond at angles that reflect the most light.

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